Using higher magnification and powerful lighting, it is easier to detect decay at an early stage to prevent excessive tooth damage. When cavities are small, they are much easier and less expensive to treat.
Early tooth decay does not tend to show many physical signs. Sometimes the tooth looks healthy, but your dentist will be able to see from an x-ray whether you have any decay under the enamel, any possible infections in the roots, or any bone loss around the tooth.
Tooth decay is caused by the build-up of plaque - a sticky film of bacteria that forms on teeth. When you consume sugary or starchy foods and drinks, the bacteria in plaque produce acids that attack the enamel. Over time, this can lead to the formation of cavities and more serious dental problems.
Yes, many people have early stages of decay without any discomfort. Decay can progress silently, especially under the surface of the enamel. That's why regular dental check-ups are so important - your dentist can detect issues before they cause pain or more extensive damage.
Dentists use a combination of visual checks, x-rays, magnification tools, and high-powered lighting to identify signs of decay. Sometimes decay is visible as dark spots or holes, but often it's hidden beneath the surface and only apparent with imaging.
Detecting decay early allows for less invasive and more affordable treatment options. Small cavities can be treated quickly with simple fillings. If decay is left untreated, it can spread to the nerve or root, leading to infection, severe pain, and potentially the need for root canal treatment or tooth extraction.
As decay worsens, you may experience tooth sensitivity (especially to hot, cold, or sweet foods), visible holes, discolouration, bad breath, or a persistent toothache. At this stage, treatment is more complex and may involve more extensive restorations.
Brushing twice a day with fluoride toothpaste, flossing daily, and reducing sugary snacks and drinks can help prevent decay. Regular dental check-ups and hygienist appointments are also key in maintaining oral health and spotting problems early.
In its very earliest stage, enamel demineralisation can sometimes be reversed with fluoride treatments and good oral hygiene. However, once a cavity has formed, it cannot heal on its own and will require treatment.
Most people should see a dentist every 6 to 12 months. However, if you're at higher risk of decay - for example, if you have a history of cavities, gum disease, or dry mouth - your dentist may recommend more frequent visits.
If untreated, tooth decay can progress to the inner layers of the tooth, causing infection, abscesses, and eventually tooth loss. It can also affect neighbouring teeth and potentially spread bacteria to other parts of the body.
Yes, tooth decay is very common in children due to high sugar intake and developing brushing habits. Regular dental visits, fluoride treatments, and good dietary habits are important for preventing decay in baby and adult teeth.
